SLU-PP-332 5mg
For in-vitro laboratory research only. Not for human or animal administration.
Batch #: VPSP5100
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Research Use Only
For in-vitro laboratory research by qualified professionals only. Not for human or animal administration. Not a drug, food, cosmetic or dietary supplement. Not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, mitigate or prevent any disease. Batch-specific Certificates of Analysis available for all products.
SLU-PP-332 5mg: overview
What the vial contains and what the material is, stated as specifications rather than as outcomes.
SLU-PP-332 supplied as a lyophilized powder in a sealed single-use vial containing 5 mg of material. SLU-PP-332: molecular formula C₁₈H₁₄N₂O₂, molecular weight 290.32 g/mol, CAS 303760-60-3. Released to a specification of >99% purity by HPLC. Soluble in bacteriostatic water. Supplied for in-vitro laboratory research only. Not a drug, food or supplement. Not for human or veterinary use.
Volta does not provide dosing, administration or protocol guidance for any material listed.
SLU-PP-332 5mg specifications
Every field the product record holds. A field with no value is omitted rather than printed as a dash.
- Fill
- 5mg
- Form
- Lyophilized powder
- CAS number
- 303760-60-3
- Molecular formula
- C₁₈H₁₄N₂O₂
- Molecular weight
- 290.32 g/mol
- Solubility
- Soluble in bacteriostatic water
- Shelf life
- 24 months from date of manufacture
SLU-PP-332 analytical verification and batch documentation
What the purity figure on this page is, who measured what, and which of the two a reader is looking at.
Specification. Every batch is released to >99% purity by HPLC. That is a threshold Volta sets, and it is a promise rather than a measurement.
Measurement. No certificate for this compound is published on the site yet. A batch-specific Certificate of Analysis is available on request, and the batch history lists the ones already published. Until one is published for this material, the figure above is the release specification and nothing on this page is a laboratory result.
Checking a certificate. The batch number printed beside the price is derived from the compound code and the vial strength; the lot number on a certificate is transcribed from the document. They are produced independently, so comparing them is a real check. How to read one is set out in the quality and testing methodology page.
For in-vitro laboratory research by qualified professionals only. Not for human or animal administration. Not a drug, food, cosmetic or dietary supplement. Not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, mitigate or prevent any disease.
The estrogen-related receptors are orphan nuclear receptors that sit downstream of PGC-1alpha and control much of the transcriptional programme that endurance training activates, including mitochondrial biogenesis and fatty acid oxidation. SLU-PP-332 activates that programme pharmacologically, which is why it is described as an exercise mimetic in the literature from the Burris lab at Saint Louis University. Despite the naming convention it is a small molecule, not a peptide, and it is not related to the ERR ligands found endogenously.
- Released to a >99% purity specification by HPLC
- Lyophilized powder, 5mg per vial
- Soluble in bacteriostatic water
- For laboratory research use only
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Related research materials
SLU-PP-332 5mg: what is in the vial
The arithmetic specific to this 5mg vial, and what a milligram of SLU-PP-332 costs in each strength the catalogue carries. Concentrations are stated, not recommended.
Vial contents
5 mg
Lyophilised powder, reconstituted by the buyer
Cost of material
$13.60 / mg USD
CA$19.40 / mg in Canadian dollars
Concentration at each diluent volume
5 mg of dry material reaches these concentrations in the volumes below. A U-100 syringe marking is 0.01 ml by definition, so the last column is a unit conversion at each concentration rather than a quantity to use.
| Diluent added | Concentration | In 0.1 ml | Per U-100 unit |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 ml | 5 mg/ml | 500 mcg | 50 mcg |
| 2 ml | 2.5 mg/ml | 250 mcg | 25 mcg |
| 3 ml | 1.67 mg/ml | 166.7 mcg | 16.7 mcg |
| 5 ml | 1 mg/ml | 100 mcg | 10 mcg |
For a volume this table does not list, the reconstitution calculator takes any vial size and diluent volume.
SLU-PP-332 purity and identity: how the figure is measured
What >99% (HPLC) means, the masses an identity check has to land on, and the entries that make a certificate of analysis checkable rather than decorative.
Stated purity
>99% (HPLC)
Area percent of the main peak by reversed-phase HPLC
Average mass
290.32 g/mol
The figure an identity check has to land on
Identity by mass: the ions to expect
An electrospray source protonates the molecule rather than weighing it neutral, so a spectrum shows a series of charge states rather than the molecular weight itself. These are the m/z values 290.32 g/mol produces, and they are what a mass spectrum on a certificate for SLU-PP-332 has to match.
| Ion | Charge | Expected m/z |
|---|---|---|
| [M+H]+ | 1+ | 291.33 |
What a certificate for SLU-PP-332 should carry
A purity percentage on its own is not checkable. These are the entries that make one verifiable, and their absence is the most common weakness in a research-peptide certificate.
The chromatogram, not only the number
A stated area percent with no trace behind it cannot be read for the shape of the main peak or for what eluted beside it. The HPLC interpreter walks through what a trace shows.
Net peptide content, separately from gross mass
A lyophilised peptide is a salt, usually of trifluoroacetic or acetic acid, plus residual water. The vial's stated milligrams are gross; net peptide content is the fraction of that mass which is the molecule. The two differ by ten to twenty percent routinely, and only one of them is what the price is per milligram of. The net peptide content calculator converts between them.
The counterion, named
Which salt form the powder is in changes the net content and the pH the powder dissolves at. A certificate that never names it leaves both unknowable.
Water content, by a stated method
Loss on drying and Karl Fischer titration give different numbers, and a water figure with no method attached cannot be compared with anyone else's.
A laboratory and a report identifier
Without both, nothing on the document can be traced back to the laboratory that issued it. The red flag checker lists the rest.
Batch certificates are published as page images in the certificate library. The source PDFs are never served: a certificate is the most forgeable document a supplier publishes, and an editable copy carrying an accredited laboratory's letterhead is worth more to a counterfeiter than to a customer.
SLU-PP-332 storage and stability
Handling as the product record states it, followed by the degradation chemistry this particular sequence is and is not exposed to.
Handling
Store lyophilized peptide at -20°C in a dry, dark environment. Reconstitute in bacteriostatic water. Once reconstituted, store at 2-8°C and use within 30 days. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Lyophilized powder is stable at room temperature for shipping and short-term storage.
A residue-level stability profile needs a primary sequence of standard amino acids. This compound's sequence carries modified or non-standard residues, so no finding is derived for it rather than one being estimated from a partial reading. The storage guide covers the general case.
SLU-PP-332 compared with MOTS-c and Adipotide
Pharmacological class, half-life, evidence grade, competition status and cost per milligram, side by side.
| Compound | Class | Half-life | Evidence | WADA | Cheapest per mg |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SLU-PP-332this page | Experimental Exercise Mimetic | Unknown in humans (short in mice, necessitating twice-daily dosing) | DAnimal/Preclinical Only | Not listed | $13.605mg vial, out of stock |
| MOTS-c | Metabolic / Mitochondrial | Several hours; tissue effects may persist longer | DPreclinical | Not listed | $3.2010mg vial |
| Adipotide | Experimental Fat Loss | ~2-4 hours (estimated) | DAnimal/Preclinical Only | Not listed | $12.805mg vial, out of stock |
| 5-Amino-1MQ | Metabolic / Fat Loss | Unknown in humans; estimated hours based on animal PK | DAnimal/Preclinical Only | Not listed | $4.3010mg vial |
| Cagrilintide | Metabolic / Amylin Analog | ~7 days (allows once-weekly dosing) | BPhase III / NDA Filed | Not listed | $11.405mg vial |
Evidence grades and half-lives are as recorded in the compound database, which cites its own sources on each compound page. Per-milligram prices are the cheapest strength each compound is currently listed at, in US dollars, and an out-of-stock note means that figure is not purchasable today. Cross-trial comparisons of efficacy are not comparisons: no head-to-head trial exists for most of these pairs.
SLU-PP-332 in Canada
Price in Canadian dollars, where the parcel ships from, and how long it takes.
Price in CAD
CA$97
The figure charged, not a converted estimate
Ships from
British Columbia
A domestic parcel, so no import clearance step
Transit
2 to 5 business days
After 1 to 2 business days of handling
Free standard shipping
Over CA$250
A bar set for this market, not converted from the US one
SLU-PP-332 5mg ships from British Columbia to Canadian addresses, so the parcel never crosses a border. That removes the failure a Canadian buyer of research peptides is usually weighing: an inbound international shipment can be held for import clearance or seized, and a domestic one has no clearance step to be held at.
Shipping is quoted live against the delivery address at checkout rather than estimated here, and both the standard and express tiers show their price and transit window before a payment method is chosen. The figure the page shows is the figure the rail charges: all three settlement rails price shipping through the same functions the quote does.
The Canadian figure above is not a loose conversion. Each product's US dollar base is chosen so that the live conversion lands on the Canadian shelf price set for this market, and the result is pushed up to a whole dollar rather than left carrying cents, so one figure serves the page, the feed and every payment rail. See the shipping policy for carriers and cut-off times, and the legal position on research peptides in Canada for the regulatory picture.
SLU-PP-332 Mechanism of Action
SLU-PP-332 is not a peptide. It is a small synthetic molecule, and it sits in this catalogue alongside peptides for commercial rather than chemical reasons. Saying so first matters, because almost everything this catalogue says about handling, purity determination and certificate interpretation is written for peptides and does not transfer to a small molecule.
It is a pan-agonist of the estrogen-related receptors ERR alpha, beta and gamma. Despite the name these are not estrogen receptors: they are orphan nuclear receptors, meaning no endogenous ligand has been established for them, and they do not bind estrogen. They are constitutively active transcription factors that regulate genes governing mitochondrial biogenesis, oxidative metabolism and fatty acid oxidation, and they are among the principal effectors of the transcriptional response to endurance exercise.
Because ERRs sit at that node, a synthetic agonist can in principle produce part of the transcriptional programme exercise induces without the exercise. That is what the exercise mimetic description refers to, and it is a statement about gene expression rather than a claim that the compound substitutes for physical activity. Skeletal muscle work reports increases in oxidative capacity and mitochondrial function consistent with that programme.
ERR binding
Pan-agonism across estrogen-related receptors alpha, beta and gamma, which are orphan nuclear receptors that do not bind estrogen despite the name.
Transcriptional activation
ERRs are constitutively active transcription factors; an agonist increases their activity at genes controlling oxidative metabolism.
Mitochondrial biogenesis
Downstream gene programmes include mitochondrial biogenesis and fatty acid oxidation, which are the same pathways endurance exercise engages.
Skeletal muscle oxidative capacity
Reported increases in muscle oxidative capacity and aerobic function, which is the basis of the exercise mimetic framing.
Metabolic consequences
Rodent work reports improvement in features of metabolic syndrome, consistent with increased oxidative metabolism rather than with appetite or insulin secretion effects.
SLU-PP-332 Research Findings
The literature is preclinical and recent, and part of it concerns detecting the compound rather than using it. Each entry names its model.
A synthetic ERR agonist alleviated metabolic syndrome features
The principal pharmacology paper reported that the synthetic ERR agonist improved features of metabolic syndrome in rodents, establishing the in vivo activity of the chemotype.
Rodent modelChemical optimisation clarified the structure-activity relationship
Work optimising the exercise mimetic chemically produced insight into estrogen-related receptor pharmacology, which is how the series was refined and how selectivity across the three ERR subtypes was probed.
In vitroAn orally active successor enhanced aerobic exercise capacity
SLU-PP-915, an orally active compound from the same programme, was reported to enhance aerobic exercise capacity, which is the more direct functional test of the exercise mimetic hypothesis than metabolic markers alone.
Rodent modelIn vitro metabolism and analytical characterisation established
Work characterising the in vitro metabolism and analytical profile of SLU-PP-332 and SLU-PP-915 was published in a mass spectrometry journal in the context of doping control, meaning detection methods exist and predate widespread availability.
In vitroERR activation reviewed as an exercise mimetic strategy
A review of pharmacological activation of ERR alpha, beta and gamma as an exercise mimetic assessed the therapeutic potential and the limits of the approach as a class.
MechanisticERR targeting proposed against age-related muscle atrophy
A review examined targeting ERRs to counteract age-related muscle atrophy associated with physical inactivity, which is the application the mechanism most directly suggests.
MechanisticSLU-PP-332 Molecular Information
| Class | Small synthetic molecule, not a peptide |
| Molecular Target | Estrogen-related receptors ERR alpha, beta and gamma |
| Selectivity | Pan-agonist across all three ERR subtypes |
| Receptor Family | Orphan nuclear receptors. They do not bind estrogen despite the name |
| Successor Compound | SLU-PP-915, an orally active analogue from the same programme |
| Functional Class | Exercise mimetic, meaning it engages part of the exercise transcriptional programme |
| Regulatory Status | Investigational. Not approved in any jurisdiction |
| Development Stage | Preclinical. No human trials |
| Doping Status | Analytical detection methods have been published in the doping control literature |
| Appearance | Solid, typically supplied as a powder |
This Is a Small Molecule in a Peptide Catalogue
SLU-PP-332 is a synthetic organic compound, not a peptide, and the difference changes how a certificate should be read. For a peptide, mass confirms the sequence and the realistic impurities are truncations, deletions and oxidation products. For a small molecule, mass confirms the formula and the realistic impurities are synthetic intermediates, regioisomers and residual solvents.
Nuclear magnetic resonance is the ordinary identity method for a small molecule and is rarely offered on peptide certificates. Residual solvent analysis by gas chromatography is a standard small molecule specification and has no peptide equivalent. A certificate that reports only HPLC purity and a mass is a peptide-shaped certificate applied to something that is not a peptide.
The catalogue already flags 5-Amino-1MQ as a small molecule rather than a peptide. SLU-PP-332 is in the same position and the same caution applies.
Estrogen-Related Receptors Are Not Estrogen Receptors
The name is a historical accident of sequence similarity and it misleads consistently. Estrogen-related receptors were identified by homology to the estrogen receptor, but they do not bind estrogen, they have no established endogenous ligand, and they are constitutively active rather than requiring a ligand to switch on.
What they do is regulate transcription of genes governing mitochondrial biogenesis, oxidative phosphorylation and fatty acid oxidation. They are among the main transcriptional effectors of endurance training adaptation, which is why an agonist is described as an exercise mimetic.
Nothing about this mechanism implies estrogenic activity, and reading the name as though it did would be a straightforward error about what the compound does.
Exercise Mimetic Is a Claim About Transcription
The phrase describes engaging part of the gene expression programme that exercise induces. It does not mean the compound reproduces the effects of exercise, which involve mechanical loading, cardiovascular adaptation, neural changes and much else that no transcription factor agonist addresses.
The most direct functional evidence in this programme concerns the orally active successor SLU-PP-915, reported to enhance aerobic exercise capacity in animals. That is a stronger form of evidence than metabolic markers, because it measures a performance outcome rather than an intermediate.
All of it is preclinical. There are no human trials of either compound, and analytical detection methods have already been published in the doping control literature, which indicates how the sporting authorities regard the class.
Handling and Analytical Considerations
Solubility behaviour differs from a peptide's. Small molecules of this type are frequently poorly water-soluble and are handled in organic co-solvents such as dimethyl sulfoxide, whereas the peptides in this catalogue are generally reconstituted in aqueous buffer. Applying peptide reconstitution practice here will not necessarily produce a solution.
Stability considerations differ too. There is no peptide bond to hydrolyse and no methionine to oxidise; degradation pathways for a synthetic small molecule depend on its specific functional groups and are not predictable from the general peptide handling rules that apply elsewhere on this catalogue.
SLU-PP-332 Research FAQ
SLU-PP-332 in Summary
SLU-PP-332 is a small synthetic molecule, not a peptide, acting as a pan-agonist at the estrogen-related receptors. Those receptors do not bind estrogen; they are constitutively active orphan nuclear receptors governing mitochondrial biogenesis and oxidative metabolism.
Agonism engages part of the transcriptional programme endurance exercise induces, which is what exercise mimetic denotes. The evidence is preclinical, the orally active successor SLU-PP-915 carries the most direct functional result, and doping control detection methods are already published.
Scientific References
Primary literature and public trial registries only. No supplier or retailer pages are cited.
- 1A Synthetic ERR Agonist Alleviates Metabolic SyndromeBillon C, Schoepke E, Undru A, et al. · Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics · 2024
- 2Chemical optimization of the exercise mimetic SLU-PP-332 enables insight into estrogen-related receptor pharmacologyOkda HE, Zhao P, et al. · International Journal of Biological Macromolecules · 2026
- 3An orally active estrogen receptor-related receptor agonist, SLU-PP-915, enhances aerobic exercise capacityBillon C, Appourchaux K, et al. · Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics · 2026
- 4In Vitro Metabolism and Analytical Characterization of SLU-PP-332 and SLU-PP-915: Novel Pan-ERR AgonistsMöller T, Krug O, et al. · Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry · 2026
- 5Pharmacological Activation of ERR alpha, beta and gamma as an Exercise Mimetic: Potential Therapeutic Applicationsde Souza-Lima J, Astrosa-Martin BD, et al. · Revista Medica de Chile · 2026
- 6Targeting ERRs to counteract age-related muscle atrophy associated with physical inactivityBonanni R, Falvino A, et al. · Frontiers in Physiology · 2025
Disclaimer
All articles and product information provided on this website are for informational and educational purposes only. The products offered on this website are furnished for in-vitro studies only. These products are not medicines or drugs and have not been approved by the FDA to prevent, treat or cure any medical condition, ailment or disease.
SLU-PP-332 5mg: frequently asked questions
Answered from the product record and the certificate file. Volta does not answer questions about administration, dosing or protocols.
What is supplied in a 5 mg vial of SLU-PP-332?
A sealed single-use vial containing 5 mg of SLU-PP-332 as a lyophilized powder. Soluble in bacteriostatic water. No diluent, syringe or other supply is included.
Is SLU-PP-332 supplied for human use?
No. For in-vitro laboratory research by qualified professionals only. Not for human or animal administration. Not a drug, food, cosmetic or dietary supplement. Not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, mitigate or prevent any disease. Volta does not provide dosing, administration or protocol guidance for any material listed.
What purity is this SLU-PP-332 released to?
>99% by HPLC. That figure is a release specification, a threshold Volta sets for every batch, and it is not the same kind of statement as a purity measured by a named laboratory for a named lot.
Is there a certificate of analysis for this SLU-PP-332 vial?
A batch-specific Certificate of Analysis is available for this product on request. It is not published on the site yet: the batch history on the quality page lists the certificates already published, and this vial is covered by the release specification until its own is added there.
How is SLU-PP-332 identified?
CAS 303760-60-3, molecular formula C₁₈H₁₄N₂O₂, molecular weight 290.32 g/mol. Those identifiers are what an incoming-goods check compares a certificate against, and they are stated here so the comparison can be made before ordering.
How should SLU-PP-332 be stored before reconstitution?
Store lyophilized peptide at -20°C in a dry, dark environment. Reconstitute in bacteriostatic water. Once reconstituted, store at 2-8°C and use within 30 days. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Lyophilized powder is stable at room temperature for shipping and short-term storage.
Where does this ship from?
British Columbia, Canada. Canadian orders are domestic, so they clear no customs and pay no import duty. International orders ship from the same facility.
Related Research News
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SLU-PP-332 research
SLU-PP-332 is a small molecule, not a peptide: a pan-agonist of the estrogen-related receptors studied in mice for the aerobic exercise gene programme, with no human trial initiated or planned. Everything Volta publishes on this compound, across every vial size, is collected on SLU-PP-332 handling, evidence and certificates.
Research on SLU-PP-332
Handling and documentation
SLU-PP-332 is one of the compounds in Volta's weight management research peptides catalogue, which collects the rest of the range studied in this area alongside the comparisons and guides that cover it.
More from the research catalogue
Every compound below has its own specification, batch number and certificate page, whether or not a vial is in stock today. Supplied for laboratory research use only.