Reproductive / Hormonal Research Peptides Guide
Overview
This guide covers 16 research peptides in the Reproductive / Hormonal category. Each compound is evaluated on its evidence base, mechanism, safety profile, and current clinical status.
Kisspeptin — Phase I–II Clinical Trials
Evidence: C | Status: Investigational / Active clinical trials in reproductive medicine
Kisspeptin is an endogenous neuropeptide encoded by the KISS1 gene that plays a critical role in regulating reproductive hormone secretion.
Use cases: Reproductive Health
Gonadorelin — FDA Approved
Evidence: A | Status: FDA-approved (Factrel for diagnostic use; Lutrepulse for pulsatile infertility treatment, now discontinued). Generic diagnostic formulation available.
Gonadorelin is a synthetic decapeptide identical to the naturally occurring gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) produced in the hypothalamus.
Use cases: Reproductive Health
Oxytocin — Approved Medication with Strong Human Data
Evidence: A | Status: FDA-approved (Pitocin for labor induction, augmentation of labor, and postpartum hemorrhage)
Oxytocin is an endogenous cyclic nonapeptide hormone (Cys-Tyr-Ile-Gln-Asn-Cys-Pro-Leu-Gly-NH2 with a disulfide bridge between Cys1 and Cys6, MW ~1007.2 g/mol) produced in the hypothalamus and released from the posterior pituitary.
Use cases: Reproductive Health
Vasopressin — Approved Medication with Strong Human Data
Evidence: A | Status: FDA-approved (Vasostrict for vasodilatory shock in adults)
Vasopressin (arginine vasopressin, AVP) is an endogenous cyclic nonapeptide hormone (Cys-Tyr-Phe-Gln-Asn-Cys-Pro-Arg-Gly-NH2, MW ~1084.2 g/mol) synthesized in the hypothalamus and released from the posterior pituitary.
Use cases: Reproductive Health, Critical Care
Desmopressin — Approved Medication with Strong Human Data
Evidence: A | Status: FDA-approved (DDAVP for central diabetes insipidus, hemophilia A, type 1 von Willebrand disease, primary nocturnal enuresis)
Desmopressin (1-deamino-8-D-arginine vasopressin, DDAVP) is a synthetic analog of vasopressin (MW ~1069.2 g/mol) with enhanced V2 receptor selectivity and resistance to enzymatic degradation.
Use cases: Reproductive Health
Terlipressin — Approved Medication with Strong Human Data
Evidence: A | Status: FDA-approved (Terlivaz for hepatorenal syndrome type 1, September 2022)
Terlipressin is a synthetic vasopressin analog (MW ~1227.4 g/mol) that acts as a prodrug, slowly converted by tissue peptidases to the active metabolite lysine vasopressin.
Use cases: Reproductive Health, Critical Care
Carbetocin — Approved Medication with Strong Human Data
Evidence: A | Status: WHO Essential Medicine. Approved in over 30 countries for PPH prevention following cesarean section. Not FDA-approved in the United States.
Carbetocin is a long-acting synthetic analog of oxytocin (MW ~1041.2 g/mol) with a half-life of approximately 40 minutes, roughly 4-10 times longer than oxytocin.
Use cases: Reproductive Health
Leuprolide — Approved Medication with Strong Human Data
Evidence: A | Status: FDA-approved (Lupron Depot for prostate cancer, endometriosis, uterine fibroids, central precocious puberty; Eligard for prostate cancer; Fensolvi for central precocious puberty)
Leuprolide (leuprorelin) is a synthetic GnRH (gonadotropin-releasing hormone) agonist nonapeptide (MW ~1209.4 g/mol) that is one of the most widely prescribed hormonal therapies in oncology and reproductive medicine.
Use cases: Reproductive Health, Cancer Treatment
Goserelin — Approved Medication with Strong Human Data
Evidence: A | Status: FDA-approved (Zoladex for prostate cancer, breast cancer, endometriosis, endometrial thinning)
Goserelin is a synthetic GnRH agonist decapeptide analog (MW ~1269.4 g/mol) delivered as a biodegradable PLGA implant (Zoladex) injected subcutaneously in the anterior abdominal wall.
Use cases: Reproductive Health, Cancer Treatment
Triptorelin — Approved Medication with Strong Human Data
Evidence: A | Status: FDA-approved (Trelstar for advanced prostate cancer; Triptodur for central precocious puberty)
Triptorelin is a synthetic GnRH agonist decapeptide analog (MW ~1311.4 g/mol) with a D-Trp substitution at position 6 of native GnRH.
Use cases: Reproductive Health, Cancer Treatment
Nafarelin — Approved Medication with Strong Human Data
Evidence: A | Status: FDA-approved (Synarel for endometriosis and central precocious puberty)
Nafarelin is a synthetic GnRH agonist decapeptide analog (MW ~1322.5 g/mol) with a D-Nal(2) substitution at position 6, administered as a nasal spray (Synarel). It is FDA-approved for the treatment of endometriosis and central precocious puberty.
Use cases: Reproductive Health
Histrelin — Approved Medication with Strong Human Data
Evidence: A | Status: FDA-approved (Vantas for advanced prostate cancer; Supprelin LA for central precocious puberty)
Histrelin is a synthetic GnRH agonist nonapeptide analog (MW ~1323.5 g/mol) with a D-His(benzyl) substitution at position 6. It is FDA-approved as a subdermal implant for advanced prostate cancer (Vantas, 50 mg implant releasing ~50 mcg/day for 12...
Use cases: Reproductive Health, Cancer Treatment
Degarelix — Approved Medication with Strong Human Data
Evidence: A | Status: FDA-approved (Firmagon for advanced prostate cancer, December 2008)
Degarelix is a synthetic GnRH antagonist (MW ~1632.3 g/mol) and the first injectable GnRH receptor blocker approved for advanced prostate cancer.
Use cases: Reproductive Health, Cancer Treatment
Ganirelix — Approved Medication with Strong Human Data
Evidence: A | Status: FDA-approved (Ganirelix Acetate Injection for prevention of premature LH surges in IVF, 1999)
Ganirelix is a synthetic GnRH antagonist decapeptide (MW ~1570.4 g/mol) FDA-approved for the prevention of premature LH surges during controlled ovarian hyperstimulation in women undergoing assisted reproductive technology (ART) procedures.
Use cases: Reproductive Health
Cetrorelix — Approved Medication with Strong Human Data
Evidence: A | Status: FDA-approved (Cetrotide for prevention of premature LH surges in IVF)
Cetrorelix is a synthetic GnRH antagonist decapeptide (MW ~1431.1 g/mol) FDA-approved for the prevention of premature LH surges in women undergoing controlled ovarian stimulation for IVF.
Use cases: Reproductive Health
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Related Research News
Oxytocin's Vital Role in Social and Relationship Bonds
Oxytocin, known as the love hormone, supports social connections through release during touch, trust, and intimacy. Research indicates it aids trust, empathy, and bonding in romantic, parental, and friendly relationships, though effects depend on context and individual factors. This peptide also interacts with stress systems to promote emotional regulation and well-being.
Atosiban Serves as Maintenance Therapy for Preterm Labor
Atosiban, an oxytocin-receptor antagonist marketed in China in 2006, offers maintenance treatment to manage preterm labor risks after initial tocolysis. Clinical trials show it delays delivery better than placebo in some cases and has fewer side effects than beta-2 agonists. Studies highlight its safety and role in reducing recurrent preterm labor episodes.