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All Comparisons

Epithalon vs FOXO4-DRI

Research material comparison: purity standards, available formats, molecular data, batch COA documentation, and regulatory status. For in vitro research use only.

Epithalon: DFOXO4-DRI: D
AttributeEpithalonFOXO4-DRI
CategoryAnti-Aging / TelomereSenolytic / Anti-Aging
Evidence RatingD — PreclinicalD — Preclinical
Clinical StatusResearch-only / No approved human indication in Western countriesPreclinical. No human clinical trials. Animal studies in aged mice (Baar et al., Cell 2017).
MechanismEpithalon (C14H22N4O9, MW ~390 daltons) activates telomerase, particularly the catalytic subunit TERT (telomerase reverse transcriptase), extending telomeres at chromosome ends. Its small size allows blood-brain barrier penetration and broad tissue distribution, though oral bioavailability is limite...Senescent cells survive because FOXO4 protein binds to p53 in the nucleus, sequestering it and preventing p53 from triggering apoptosis. FOXO4-DRI is a modified peptide that competes with endogenous FOXO4 for p53 binding but cannot sequester p53 effectively. This causes p53 nuclear exclusion, which ...
Half-LifeSeveral hoursExtended (D-amino acid configuration resists proteolysis)
Bioavailability——
Molecular Weight~390.3 g/mol—
WADA StatusNot ListedNot Listed
Research Half-LifeSeveral hoursExtended (D-amino acid configuration resists proteolysis)
Key Use Cases
  • Anti-Aging
  • Anti-Aging
Safety Concerns
  • Generally well tolerated; no serious adverse events reported in decades of Russian clinical use
  • Good safety margin: doses studied range from 0.5 to 5 mg with no dose-limiting toxicity reported
  • Mild headaches, dizziness, and GI discomfort possible
  • No human safety data exists
  • Mouse studies used doses of 5 mg/kg via intraperitoneal injection
  • Transient weight loss and reduced food intake observed in treated mice
Contraindications
  • Active cancer or history of cancer (theoretical concern with telomerase activation, despite lack of evidence for increased risk)
  • Pregnancy and breastfeeding (no safety data)
  • Autoimmune conditions (unknown interaction)
  • Not established — no human data
  • Active wound healing (senescent cells play roles in repair)
  • Pregnancy and breastfeeding
  • Immunocompromised individuals
Regulatory (US)Not FDA-approved. Removed from FDA Category 2 on April 15, 2026. PCAC review scheduled July 23-24, 2026. Previously classified as Category 2, prohibiting compounding. Research chemical.Not FDA-approved. Research chemical only. No IND application filed.

Research Disclaimer: This comparison is provided for educational purposes only. All products are sold exclusively for in vitro research use. The information presented is based on published preclinical and clinical research and does not constitute medical advice. Consult a qualified healthcare professional before making any decisions regarding peptide use.

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