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All Comparisons

BPC-157 vs LL-37

Research material comparison: purity standards, available formats, molecular data, batch COA documentation, and regulatory status. For in vitro research use only.

BPC-157: CLL-37: D
AttributeBPC-157LL-37
CategoryHealing & RecoveryAntimicrobial / Immune
Evidence RatingC — Phase I–II Clinical TrialsD — Preclinical
Clinical StatusResearch-only / No approved human indication. Phase I oral safety trial completed; Phase II UC trial underway.Investigational / Limited clinical trial data (topical wound healing RCT exists)
MechanismBPC-157 acts through multiple overlapping pathways. It promotes angiogenesis by upregulating VEGFR2 and VEGF expression, and activates nitric oxide synthesis via the Src kinase-caveolin-1 pathway and Akt-eNOS axis. It engages ERK1/2 signaling, activating c-Fos, c-Jun, and EGR-1 transcription factors...LL-37 (C120H232N42O38) carries a net positive charge (+6) that binds negatively charged bacterial membranes, creating transmembrane pores causing cell lysis. It also has anti-biofilm activity. Immunomodulatory functions include both pro- and anti-inflammatory responses: it neutralizes endotoxins (LP...
Half-Life~15 min IV (animal data); oral activity persists 24+ hoursMinutes in plasma; tissue activity persists longer
BioavailabilityIM: 15-19% (rats), 45-51% (dogs); resistant to stomach acid degradation—
Molecular Weight~1419.5 g/mol~4493.3 g/mol
WADA StatusProhibitedNot Listed
Research Half-Life~15 min IV (animal data); oral activity persists 24+ hoursMinutes in plasma; tissue activity persists longer
Key Use Cases
  • Injury Recovery
  • Gut Health
  • Immune Support
  • Antimicrobial
Safety Concerns
  • No completed randomized controlled human clinical trials for safety assessment
  • Preclinical safety studies across multiple species found no toxic or lethal dose thresholds at ranges from 6 mcg/kg to 20 mg/kg; LD1 not achieved; no teratogenic, genotoxic, or anaphylactic effects in necropsy/histopathology
  • FDA previously classified BPC-157 as Category 2 (significant safety concerns); removed from Category 2 on April 15, 2026. PCAC review pending July 2026 to determine compounding eligibility. FDA noted insufficient human safety data and potential immunogenicity risks.
  • No large-scale completed human safety trials for systemic therapeutic use
  • Endogenous peptide -- naturally produced; levels are tightly regulated in healthy tissue
  • Injection site reactions: redness, itching, swelling due to mild inflammatory properties and local immune cell recruitment (~5-10% of users)
Contraindications
  • Pregnancy and breastfeeding (no safety data)
  • Active cancer or history of cancer (theoretical concern due to potent angiogenesis promotion; mechanistic overlap with tumor vascularization)
  • Individuals on anticoagulants (BPC-157 affects clotting and vessel constriction resolution)
  • Autoimmune conditions (immunogenicity risk noted by FDA)
  • Autoimmune conditions (LL-37 can stimulate dendritic cells and inflammasomes via P2X7 receptor, potentially worsening symptoms)
  • Rosacea (LL-37 overexpression is implicated in rosacea pathology)
  • Pregnancy and breastfeeding (no safety data)
  • Active inflammatory skin conditions at injection site
Regulatory (US)Not FDA-approved. Removed from Category 2 on April 15, 2026 after HHS Secretary Kennedy directed withdrawal of nominations. PCAC review scheduled July 23-24, 2026 to determine compounding eligibility. Previously prohibited from compounding under Category 2 since September 2023. WADA-banned.Not FDA-approved. Removed from FDA Category 2 on April 15, 2026. PCAC review scheduled July 23-24, 2026. Previously classified as Category 2, prohibiting compounding. No FDA-approved therapeutic formulation.

Research Material Specifications

Catalog specifications for the corresponding research materials, including batch documentation coverage.

SpecificationBPC-157LL-37
Purity Standard≥98%—
CAS Number137525-51-0—
Molecular FormulaC₆₂H₉₈N₁₆O₂₂—
Available Formats5mg, 10mg, 10mg—
Batch COAs Published3 on file—
Stock StatusIn stock—

Availability at Volta Peptides

BPC-157 5mg

≥98% purity · HPLC verified · In stock

$34

LL-37

Not currently stocked at Volta Peptides.

Research Disclaimer: This comparison is provided for educational purposes only. All products are sold exclusively for in vitro research use. The information presented is based on published preclinical and clinical research and does not constitute medical advice. Consult a qualified healthcare professional before making any decisions regarding peptide use.

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